High Temperature Resistant Coin Type Primary Lithium Batteries for IoT Applications

Industrial IoT devices are precision instruments and therefore require not only waterproofing and dust protection but also robust resistance to high and low ambient temperatures and sudden temperature fluctuations. In addition, as device functionality increases, processing loads rise, leading to greater heat generation from electronic components. Combined with continued device miniaturization, this trapped heat can compromise operational stability. As a result, device designs must withstand both external temperature variations and internal heat buildup.

IoT Devices for Outdoor Infrastructure Monitoring

To address the aging of social infrastructure, such as bridges, roads, dams, and water pipelines, the adoption of strain and vibration sensors to detect structural degradation is increasing. In the area of natural disaster mitigation, accelerometers and tilt sensors used for landslide detection are also gaining attention. These sensors require wide temperature tolerance to ensure stable operation under harsh environmental conditions, including direct sunlight in extreme heat and freezing temperatures. Additionally, strong waterproofing and moisture resistance are essential to withstand rain, humidity, and other exposure to the elements.

Example Use Cases: Strain and Vibration Sensors for Bridges, Vibration Sensors for Water Pipelines, and Landslide Monitoring Sensors

IoT Devices for Plant Equipment Monitoring

In power generation, chemical, and steel plants, equipment such as turbines, furnaces, boilers, and piping operate at high temperatures. As a safer alternative to hazardous visual inspections, wireless sensors that measure temperature, vibration, and flow rate are increasingly being utilized. Since these sensors are often installed directly on the equipment being monitored, they must operate reliably even under high temperature conditions.

Example Applications of IoT Sensors Mounted on Pipes and Power Generation Turbines

IoT Devices for Cold-Chain Logistics

In cold-chain logistics for pharmaceuticals, food products, and other temperature-sensitive goods, GPS trackers play an important role in tracking locations, while temperature sensors are essential for monitoring cargo conditions. These sensors must exhibit high reliability, capable of stable operation over extended periods in low-temperature environments and under repeated exposure to large temperature differentials, such as when moving between freezers and ambient outdoor air.

Example Applications of IoT Sensors in Cold-Chain Logistics

Other Applications Beyond IoT

Coin-type batteries are used on printed circuit boards (PCBs) in servers and in automotive ADAS/AD systems to retain time data when the main power supply is turned off. In recent years, the rapid expansion of AI has driven the need for increasingly high processing loads on PCBs, making heat generation a critical issue. As a result, coin batteries mounted on these boards must offer high reliability, maintaining stable performance over long periods, even under elevated temperatures.

Coin-Type Battery Used for Time-Data Backup on a Motherboard

Panasonic Energy offers a wide lineup of coin type batteries designed for IoT applications. In addition to standard models (operating temperature range: –30°C to 85°C), the portfolio includes high temperature resistant types (–40°C to 125°C) that can operate reliably across a broad range of environmental conditions, regardless of installation location or seasonal variations.

Lineup of Panasonic Energy Coin Type Primary Lithium Batteries（CR Series）

Figures present the high temperature test results for a standard CR coin cell and our high temperature resistant model. The standard battery exhibits a rapid increase in internal resistance and a sharp drop in voltage within several tens of hours after storage begins at 125 °C, making continued use difficult. In contrast, our product maintains stable operation for more than approximately 200 hours, with minimal changes in both resistance and voltage.

A typical CR coin cell deteriorates under high temperature conditions due to gas generation inside the battery. In contrast, our high temperature resistant model employs proprietary technologies that suppress gas formation within the cell, enabling stable operation even in harsh environments. This figure shows the pulse discharge characteristics of a standard CR coin cell and our high temperature resistant battery at –20 °C. Owing to a proprietary anode formulation, our product maintains a stable voltage comparable to that at room temperature, even at a depth of discharge of 80%, outperforming the standard model.

Pulse Discharge Characteristics at Room Temperature and Low Temperatures

As shown above, our high temperature resistant battery delivers outstanding reliability across a wide temperature range. In addition, its advanced sealing technology provides superior humidity resistance, making it an optimal power source for IoT devices operating in harsh environments.